Three Types of .22 rounds

The .22 Long Rifle or .22 LR is a border fire pattern, known in Germany under the name LFB 5.6 mm (long fuer Buechsen).

.22 Short
Rat-shot .22
In 1857 introduced a Smith & Wesson revolver named First Model. This was carried out in a .22-caliber .22 Short that we would call. The pattern of the original cargo consisted of 4 grains (0.26 grams) fine black powder also known as gunpowder, and a slug of 29 grains (1.9 grams). The fine black powder was replaced in 1887 by the smoke-free nitro powder also known as B called witkruit or Poudre. Remington came in 1930 with the first High Velocity pattern (high-speed pattern) in this caliber. Since then, it's a very popular caliber in the Shooting. This is mainly due to the small recoil, the relatively soft explosion and the low price.

.22 Long
1871 came the .22 Long in the market. It was produced for the 7-Scottish Standard revolver from the company Great Western Gun Works from the United States. Long used the Remington .22 rifle from 1874 also as a pattern. The original charge of the .22 Long consisted of 5 grains (0.32 grams) black powder and a 29 grains (1.9 grams) slug. Until the Second World War was the .22 Long is not very popular with the militiamen. Especially in the field of hunting on small (harmful) game he was ousted by the 1887 on the market .22 Long Rifle.

.22 Long Rifle
In 1887 appeared the .22 Long Rifle commissioned the Stevens Arms & Tool Company on the market. The Peters Cartridge Company took this pattern as the first in production. The then load a .22 LR pattern was 5 grains (0.32 grams) black powder and a 40 grains (2.6 grams) iron ball. This caliber is the most popular pattern of all time and is mainly used to help hunt small game and in the shooting. The high-speed versions of this caliber are mainly used for hunting, but are also very suitable to shoot up to 75 meters.

Great advantages of .22 rounds

The round has rimfire percussion aimed for hunting small animals or sport shooting. It was created in the U.S., it is also almost always bears the U.S. standard unit (0.22 of an inch). Despite the fact that the charge can be considered to be outdated, is still extremely popular due to cheap manufacturing and the low cost and exceptional accuracy over shorter distances. It is used both in sport and training weapons.

Shooters used such ammunition for exercises..

Diameter of the bullet is equally large as the diameter casing, and you can also use bullet with a plastic sheath in which have tiny fibre. Such cartridges are used primarily for self-defense and are effective only up to a distance of up to 2 m. This caliber have the maximum speed of 150 meters.

After this distance projectile loses most of kinetic energy, and otherwise become completely unstable. In these cartridges, after most of the uncoated lead bullets, which in turn can be manufactured cheaply.

There are several types of ammunition, from subsonic, ultrasonic and regular, but can also apply hollow-tip bullets. The velocity of the round ranging from 390 to 550 m / s (depending on the weight of missiles and powder filling). In the world held a lot of competitions in weapons of this caliber (50 meters rifle, 25 meters pistol ...). Owing to the small charge whis weapons is not loud (especially with subsonic ammunition), which also works as a popular weapon for hunting.

Characteristics of the .22 rounds

.22 LR is a small caliber round, with diameter of 5.5 mm, the case has the same diameter as the bullet.

.22 LR-calibres cartridge is serviceable to 150 meters distance. Thereafter, the flight path will start soon go down, which is why adjusting on the object will be necessary. Characteristics of the rounds vary considerably based on the the initial muzzle velocity and ballistic, due to the weight differences. Output speed will vary between 110-530 m / s. The most powerful round has a lethal distance up to over 1500 meters.

Hunting Operation
.22 LR weapons to be used mainly for small game hunting and pests such as rats. In Finland, hunting cartridges must have muzzle energy of at least 150 joules, nearly all of .22 LR-calibres cartridges are not able to reach that.

Other operating
.22 LR-calibres cartridges are widely used in sport, also, the accuracy of the shooting make it a good training ammo, even though larger caliber is avalaible, due to the price of cartridges is usually only a fraction of the real rifle rounds.

Cartridge .22 LR (.22 Long Rifle) caliber 5.6 mm. was developed by . Stevens Arm & Tool Companyin 1887.

This cartridge is the most widespread and most commonly used in the world and, undoubtedly, is the world record for the number of issued (and spent).

Initially, the round used 40 grain bullet (2.6 grams, 1 grain is about 0.064 - 0.065 grams) and the charge black (SMOKE) gun powder with weight 0.324 gr.

Modern bullets weighs 2.60 g, the speed of bullets 320 m / s (energy - 140 J), using weapons with barrel 152 mm long (6 inches), when used in rifle, it has average speed of 350 m / s or higher.

Currently, the round - one of very few (in fact - all three), remaining popular cartridges using ring ignition (ie, triggering apparatus is located on the ring in zakraine casings).

There are several types of .22 LR:
- Subsonic, option at subsonic speeds of bullets 335 m / sec.
- Standard-velocity, the option to the standard speed of a bullet 340-345 m / sec.
- High-velocity, high-speed version of bullets 365-400 m / sec.
- Hyper-velocity, the option with an ultrahigh speed bullet 425 m / sec.

The actual speed of the holder depends on many factors, key of which is a long barrel firearms, and manufacturers.

The most extended training and sporting ammunition .22 Long Rifle.

.22 LR is also a popular hunting ammunition: it uses for hunting small furry animals, as well as small rodents (gopher, etc.).

The effective range is about 150 meters.

Chuck .22 LR produced a huge number of samples of long-barreled weapons (not including pistols and revolvers) - single-and multi-rifle with a variety of schemes perezaryazhaniya, self-guns (rifles) and even fully automatic models.

The main advantage .22 LR are: low cost, low efficiency, low noise and high precision. By the main shortcomings of its small ammunition relates power.

Short history of .22 long rifle

The .22 long rifle is a small-caliber pistol used mainly in target shooting.

Development
Appeared in 1887 in manufactured by the American J. Stevens Arms, originally use black gun powder, but early in the twentieth century use mitropólvora. The version "high speed" made by Remington in 1930. Over the years, it has more developments and releases.

Features
Due to its low price, almost nil recoil and good accuracy, the cartridge is very popular for sport shooting. With hollow point bullets, sometimes used for small game.

Its use in personal defense is weak, because it impacts is often non-fatal, it is not usual to kill the target after a shooting. Until the loss of blood or other wound complications, death may happen. This does not mean that the wounds are not serious, but the stopping power is low.

Because of this weapon of self defense is used primarily in small arms and light weapons. Because their small size and low decline to do so right for them.

The standard version fires a bullet from 2.6 grams to 330 m / s.

.22 Rifle Ammo Introduction

The munition .22 Long Rifle is the most widespread round throughout the world. It has a percussion class ring (the composition is located in the rim of the cartridge) with 5.5 millimeters, appeared in 1887. It was directly called as .22 (or .22 Short) and .22 Long under the license of American Arms & Tool Company and manufactured by Peters (United States) for the manufacture of weapons as well Stevens nationality.

This small size has the originality and the huge advantage of being both very economical, very precise, with very little recoil and low explosion, and is used interchangeably to rifles, revolvers, pistols and semi-automatic pistols. These weapons are used for target shooting foremost, to 25 meters (Standard Pistol, Women's Sport Pistol, Pistol 'Olympic Speed "for ITU-ISSF), 50 meters (small caliber rifle prone position, Rifle 3 Positions" Free Pistol) and up to 100 meters for firing on metal silhouettes, but also to kill small animals, it is classified as "harmful" and also used as reduced power military rounds.

The .22 Long Rifle cartridge contains a standard ball lead of 2.6 grams (40 grains) projectile at about 330 meters per second in a long-barreled rifle and 290 meters per second in a short barrel pistol. It develops 137 joules in the muzzle or equal to 14 kg/m.

There are many loads, ranging from .22 LR to subsonic to .22 LR "Stinger" branded as ITC (Projectile of 2.07 grams with lead copper hollow point, propelled to 500 meters per second delivering 259 joules or 26 kg/m) through .22 LR High Velocity "high speed (bullet of 2.46 grams to 390 meters per second, 177 joules or 18kg/m).

An incalculable number of brands that manufactures small arms produce .22 rounds for all purposes (hunting, soldiers, snipers). For the record, include: Eley (Great Britain), Remington, Winchester, ITC (USA), Geco-RWS (Germany), Lapua (Finland), Fiocca (Italy), Armscor (Philippines), Aguila (Mexico) ... Similarly, there are other manufacturers of rifles, pistols and revolvers for this munition (Winchester, Smith & Wesson, Hämmerli, Ruger, Browning, Feinwerkbau, Walther, Beretta, Weihrauch, Baikal ...)

It is possible to draw in weapons chambered in .22 LR ammunition Bosquet .22, .22 and .22 Long Short (but semi-automatic weapons then often require manual reset), excluding the .22 Magnum, a case that has wider and longer prohibiting passage in a chamber .22 LR.

The .22 Long munition (1.8 gram ball propelled to 220 meters per second, developing 44 joules in the muzzle, or 5 kg) which is behind the .22 Long Rifle, is itself derived from the .22 Court appeared in 1855, manufactured for the first revolvers Smith & Wesson 1857 (originally charged with 0.18 grams of black powder, which is currently in the smokeless powder propelling the ball from 1.8 grams to 260 meters a second for an energy of 61 joules or 7 kg/m, which is higher than the .22 Long as the latter is most often proposed version for .22 Long Z ", ie without gunpowder, only the boot providing propulsion of the projectile), which itself derived from the very first RIMFIRE ammunition, the .22 Bosquet [5.5 mm] and 6 mm made by Paris dealer Nicolas Louis Flobert, which is founded in 1845.

Finally, the recent .22 LR has just released, with 4.31 millimeters munition, with a 1.1 gram ball propelled to 530 meters per second, delivering 155 joules ( 16 kg/m).